6️⃣Wildcards

A wildcard is a character or a string of characters that can be used as a substitute for any other character(s) in a command-line expression.

• * - zero or more characters

• ? - single character

• [] - range of characters

ls -l file*

this command prints all the files with expression file and anything after that. More clearly, it prints files starting with file and upto any characters after that.

prints file with file as starting

prints only txt files

ls -l [abc]123

can only have characters a,b and c and 123 after that

ls -l ?[123]

prints files with any first character and after that any number from 1-3

• ^ - beginning of line

cat states.txt | grep ^A

• $ - end of line

cat states.txt | grep sh$